Herpes zoster, commonly known as shingles, can be a painful and discomforting condition. Fortunately, various ointments can help manage symptoms and speed up the recovery process. These include antiviral, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and skin repair ointments. Understanding which ointments to use and how they work can significantly improve patient outcomes.
Antiviral Ointments
Antiviral ointments are essential for treating herpes zoster. Acyclovir cream and penciclovir cream are first-line topical medications that directly inhibit the replication of the herpes virus. Acyclovir needs to be applied 4 to 6 times a day, while penciclovir, with a longer duration of action, requires application only 2 to 3 times a day. Early use can shorten the duration of the disease, though mild burning or peeling may occur locally.
Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Ointments
Relieving pain is crucial in managing shingles. Lidocaine gel alleviates pain by blocking nerve conduction and is suitable for the stinging sensation when blisters have not ruptured. A 1% hydrocortisone cream can reduce inflammatory reactions but should be avoided on broken skin. Combining these two can significantly improve patient comfort.
Convergent Protective Ointments
Calamine lotion, containing zinc oxide and phenol, has astringent and antipruritic effects. It is particularly suitable for the blister stage with excessive exudation. Shake well before use and apply it 3 to 4 times a day to promote the drying and scabbing of blisters and reduce the risk of secondary infection.
Repairing Ointments
Recombinant human epidermal growth factor gel can accelerate the repair of skin lesions and is suitable for the recovery period after scabs fall off. Ointments containing vitamin B12 can improve nerve repair and reduce the probability of postherpetic neuralgia. It is recommended to use them in combination with antiviral drugs under a doctor’s guidance.
Principles of Combined Medication
During the acute stage, antiviral and analgesic drugs are primarily used, while in the recovery stage, the focus shifts to skin repair. Different ointments should be applied with a 30-minute interval to avoid drug interactions. In cases of concurrent bacterial infection, mupirocin ointment can be used for a short period, but the course of treatment must be strictly controlled according to the doctor’s instructions.
Additional Tips for Managing Shingles
Patients with herpes zoster should keep the skin lesions clean and dry, and wear loose cotton clothes to reduce friction. The diet should include lysine-rich foods such as fish and soy products, while limiting nuts and chocolate with high arginine content. During the recovery period, gentle stretching exercises can improve blood circulation, but sweating should be avoided to prevent skin irritation. If pain persists beyond 72 hours or if systemic symptoms like fever occur, a follow-up visit is necessary to adjust the treatment plan. Elderly patients and those with low immunity are advised to take oral antiviral drugs early to reduce the risk of postherpetic neuralgia.
Conclusion
Managing shingles effectively involves a combination of antiviral, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and skin repair ointments. By following medical advice and maintaining good hygiene and dietary practices, patients can accelerate their recovery and minimize discomfort. Early intervention and proper care are key to reducing the risk of complications and ensuring a smoother healing process.
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